A histopathological spectrum of lesions in nephrectomy specimens in Department of pathology in SPHMMC of four years experience

Abstract

Summary Background: Nephrectomy is a common surgical procedure done for various indications. Histopathological spectrum of diseases in nephrectomy specimens may show geographic variations with different urologic causes in different countries worldwide. Objective: To study the spectrum of histopathological lesions in nephrectomy specimens received by pathology department in SPHMMC since 2014. Methodology: Facility based descriptive cross sectional was carried out from January 2014 to March 2019. Descriptive analysis was used to describe socio-demographic and clinical profile of the study subjects. Result: Non neoplastic lesions accounted for 121 (55.8%) cases out of 217 total cases and neoplastic accounted for 96 (44.2%) cases. Chronic pyelonephritis was the leading histopathologic diagnosis accounting for 93.4% (113 cases) among the non neoplastic lesions and Renal cell carcinoma was the leading diagnosis among the neoplastic lesions accounting for 86.6% (83 cases). Clear cell renal cell carcinoma constituted for 50.6% of renal cell carcinoma. Conclusion: This facility based descriptive cross sectional study have found non neoplastic lesions to be the major cause leading to nephrectomy and the commonest of non neoplastic lesions to be chronic pyelonephritis. It has also found that the major malignant tumor to be Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, occurring in the sixth decade with male preponderance. Keywords: Nephrectomy, Histopathologic morphology, SPHMMC