Outcomes and Associated Factors of Stroke at Addis Ababa burn emergency and trauma hospital and St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College Emergency Department

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: - Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide and the second leading cause of death and disability adjusted life years and is a public health problem in Ethiopia. Despite the high prevalence of stroke in Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of published data on factors that are associated with treatment outcome of stroke in Ethiopia. This study therefore aimed to assess outcomes and associated factors of stroke patients which will help as alarming signals to do national wide research so that important data will be extracted to influence policy makers to change course of their intervention. Methods: - An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at AaBET and SPHMMC hospitals emergency department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study included patients admitted to emergency department with the diagnosis of stroke during the study period of January 1, 2020 to December 30, 2022. Data was collected with structured questionnaire from patient’s chart and analyzed by SPSS version 25.0. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses was used to identify factors significantly associated with stroke outcome. Results: - A total of 237 patients with median age of 58 years were included. 54% of the patients were male. 38.4% patients arrived with ambulance and only 17.5% of patients arrived within 4.5 hours of symptom of onset. With. The most common presentation complaint was body weakness (79.7%). Hemorrhagic stroke was the most common type of stroke accounting for 53.6% of cases. The most commonly identified risk factors were Hypertension (97.6%), Hypercholesterolemia (13%), Structural heart disease (12.1%), Diabetes mellitus (12.1%) and atrial fibrillation (4.8%). The emergency department mortality rate was 13.5%. Conclusion: - In this study, hemorrhagic stroke was the commonest stroke. GCS<8 and development of complication were associated with emergency department mortality.