Blood Donation practice and its Associated Factors among Pastoralist Community in the Liben District, East Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Blood donation is a novel act to save the lives of people who suffer from serious medical and surgical conditions. Because the demand for blood supply is too high, there is a shortage of blood, which causes significant morbidity and mortality. Donated blood plays a major role during surgery, accidents, delivery, and in many bleeding cases. To increase blood supply and maintain an adequate quantity of blood, regular and volunteer blood donation practices are needed to meet the increased demand for blood. Objectives: To assess the magnitude of blood donation practices and their associated factors among pastoralist communities in Liben District, East Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2024, Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 randomly selected participants from the Liben district. Structured and pretested interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe and summarize the participants’ characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was carried out. Variables with p value ≤ 0.25 during the bivariable analysis were entered into the multivariable binary logistic regression analysis adjusts the potential effect of confounding variables. Degree of Association between outcome and predictor variables was calculated using adjusted odds ratio and 95% CI. The level of significance in the last model was determined based on a p-value of <0.05. Results: In this study, the magnitude of blood donation practices was 16.8% with 95% CI : (13.2%, 20.4%) in the district. Male and urban residents of study Participant are significant associations with blood donation practice among the study participants. Moreover, having formal education (AOR=2.5, 95% CI: (1.3,4.3), family members who ,received blood (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI (1.89, 11.6), adequate knowledge about the importance of blood donation (AOR: 3.4,95% CI (1.2, 3.6) , having a favorable attitude (AOR: 2.2, 95% CI (1.6, 3.8), and being involved in blood donation campaigns(AOR: 18,95% CI (9.4, 25.4) were positively associated with blood donation practice among the pastoralist community.. Conclusion and recommendation: As the findings of this study showed, blood donation practices were poor among the pastoralist communities in the Liben district. Sex, education status, place of residency, and knowledge and attitude toward blood donation in the community were the main fact ors associated with low donation practices. Thus, all concerned bodies should design a new strategy to create better awareness and organize campaigns in the pastoralist community about the significance of voluntarily donating to save many lives in outside the district. Keywords: Blood Donation Practice, Factors associated Liben district, Pastoralist Community