Compiled Body of Work Submitted to the Department of Public Health

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: The outbreak of cholera in Nifas Silk Lafto Sub City started on 8 June 2016 and was laboratory confirmed by culture on 10 June 2016. The index case was reported from Goh medium clinic by telephone to sub city PHEM officer, then PHEM officers to Addis Ababa Regional Health Bureau by phone. The outbreak was investigated to assess the magnitude of morbidity and mortality due to cholera and the factor(s) associated with risk of cholera infection. Methods: An unmatched case control study design was conducted to assess the magnitude of morbidity and mortality due to cholera and the factor(s) associated with risk of cholera infection with the total number of 42 cases and 83 controls (1 case : 2 controls).The study area was Nifas Silk Lafto Sub City and the study period was from June 11/2016 to July 11/2016 G.C. The primary data was collected through structured questionnaire by the principal investigator. Descriptive and analytical analysis was done by using micro soft office excel and epi Info. Result: Most affected age group was 15-44 year with total cases of 293 (55.18%) and most affected area was Woreda 6 with the number of 160 (30.13) total AWD cases. The identified mode of transmission was contaminated foods and water. Bivariate analysis showed that, AWD cases who ate any type of raw meat were with [Odds Ratio (OR) = 16.01; 95% CI (3.25, 78.81), P = 0.0006]; have the chance than that of who did not eat any type of raw meat; individuals who ate vegetable salad were with [Odds Ratio (OR) = 18.11; 95% CI (4.18, 78.45), P = 0.000]; were more likely to develop cholera than those who did not eat vegetable salad; those of individuals with poor hand washing practice have percentage of 78.57% among cases and water treatment before drinking for those of AWD cases was with [chi-square ( χ2) = 16.41, df = 2, P = 0.0001]; which shows that these factors have strong association with cholera infection. Conclusion: Ingestion of any type of raw meat, poor solid waste management, fruits and vegetable salad consumption, poor hand washing practice and environmental sanitation, shortage of safe and adequate water supply, poor latrine contraction and utilization, etc. were the main identified sources of cholera infection. It is better Nifas Silk Lafto sub city administration to aware farmers around rivers of the sub city about contamination of vegetables by human waste (excreta) or not to irrigate by the existing river or if possible decontaminate vegetables before selling