Survival Status and Predictors of Mortality among Colorectal Cancer Patients in St Paul’s Millennium Medical College Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Retrospective Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Abstract Background; Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top cancers in Ethiopia causing significant morbidity and mortality. Objective; To determine the three years’ post-operative survival status and determinants of mortality of colorectal malignancy at SPHMMC among patients who received treatment in the years 2013-2018 at SPHMMC, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the survival status of patients operated for colorectal cancer at SPHMMC from April 1st 2021-July 25th 2021. All patients who received their first surgical treatment from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st 2018 at St Paul’s Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) were included. Data was collected through a pretested data collection format, entered in to SPSS version 23. Data analysis was made by using descriptive analysis, Kaplan–Meier analysis, together with the log-rank test and Cox regression to estimate the survival curve and the presence of difference in survival among explanatory variables. Result; Of the 97 colorectal cancer patients who were included in the analysis, 53 (54.6%) were dead at end of third year. The median overall survival time was 19 months (95%CI: 2.636- 35.364). Stage at presentation (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.89-4.5) and the type of treatment given (i.e either surgery only, surgery followed by adjuvant chemo and/or Radiotherapy or neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery followed by adjuvant therapy) (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]=0.353, 95% CI:0.18-0.69) were found to significantly affect the overall survival status of patients. Conclusion and Recommendation; According to this study late intervention and management modality of patients is found to significantly affect patient survival. The study recommends increasing public awareness/education about CRC symptoms.