CLINICAL CHARACTERSTICS OF ENDOSCOPICALLY PROVEN PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE COMPLICATIONS, A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AT SAINT PAUL’S HOSPITAL MILLENNIUM MEDICIAL COLLEGE, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA.

Abstract

Abstract Background: Peptc ulcer disease is one of the world’s major GI problems, globally afectng millions of people in their everyday life. Regarding complicatons, the commonly encountered are bleeding, perforaton, gastric outlet obstructon, penetraton, and fstula formaton. Majority of deaths atributed to complicatons are related to mult-organ failure. Objective: To assess the clinical characteristcs of peptc ulcer disease, and associated factors with endoscopically proven Peptc ulcer disease complicatons in saint Paul millennium medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: A cross-sectonal study was conducted among 227 partcipants who had undergone endoscopic evaluaton between March and June 2023. The partcipants were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data collecton involved reviewing the partcipantss medical charts using a structured checklist. The collected data included demographic informaton, risk factors, comorbidites, and complicatons associated with endoscopically proven Peptc Ulcer disease. In cases where data were incomplete, phone calls were made, and outpatent visits were conducted over a period of four months. The data were then entered into Kobo Toolbox version 4.4 and exported to Statstcal Package for the Social Sciences, window version 27 for analysis. Descriptve statstcs were summarized using frequencies, tables, and fgures. Bivariable and multvariable logistc regression analyses were performed. Variables with a pvalue < 0.05 in the multvariable analysis were considered to have a statstcally signifcant associaton with Peptc Ulcer disease complicaton. Result: The average age of the patents was 42 ± 14.8 years, with more than half of them being above 40 years old. Males comprised two-thirds (68.2%) of the study partcipants. Among the patents, 70 (31.4%) tested positve for Helicobacter pylori while less than 5% of them had nonsteroidal ant- infammatory drug use and 9% of them had history of cigarete smoking. The majority of them had Abdominal pain and danger sign (92.8%,76.7%) respectvely. Duodenal VII | P a g e ulcers were encountered in 74.4%. Out of 223 PUD subjects who underwent endoscopy, 110 (44.8%) experienced complicatons. It was found that the age group of 40-50 [AOR=3.004; 95%CI (1.098, 8.2232)], patents over 50 years old [AOR=12.06; 95%CI (4.261, 34.146)], positve Helicobacter pylori infecton [AOR=5.914; 95%CI (2.878, 12.151)] and smokers [AOR=3.907; 95%CI(1.224, 12.472)] were identfed as predictors for Peptc ulcer disease complicatons. . Conclusion and recommendation: This study presents evidence that individuals who are above 40 years old test positve for Helicobacter pylori, and smokers were more likely to experience complicatons from peptc ulcer disease. It is crucial to promptly diagnose and treat patents with peptc ulcer before it becomes more complicated. Stakeholders should focus on expanding the availability of endoscopic centers across the country to enable early diagnoses. Additonally, educatng the general populaton about the signifcant risk factors and preventon methods should be prioritzed. Keywords: peptc ulcer disease, H.pylori, complicatons, Ethiopia