Magnitude and factors associated with hospital acquired infection among adult patients in St. Paul’s hospital millennium medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Background: Hospital acquired infection (HAI) is alarmingly increasing in low income settings. Hospitals are the main sources for the risk of acquiring infection during health care delivery. Limited researches to specific infections show that a significant number of inpatients acquire infections in hospital set ups in Ethiopia. There is limited information that indicate magnitude and risk factors of hospital acquired infections in teaching hospitals. In Ethiopia, the burden of HAI is still not well described. Objective: to assess the magnitude of hospital acquired infection and risk factors at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC ) adult inpatients. Method: A cross-sectional observational study designwas conducted over 2 months from June 1, 2019 to July 31, 2019 G.C in hospitalized adult inpatients at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium medical college. Data was collected from 227 patients admitted adult inpatients from medical ward, surgical ward, GYN/OBS. Frequencies and percentages were used to express descriptive statistics. Associations between outcome variable and independent variables were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis using SPSS version 25. Results: Out of 227 study patients 138(60.8%) were female and 89(39%) were male. The over all prevalence of hospital acquired infection was 19.8%. HAP was the most common type with 11.9% in prevalence and the second common type was SSI with 7.9% in prevalence. the highest prevalence was seen from Medical ward and GYN. The lowest prevalence was reported from Surgical and OBS wards. Patients those who took antibiotics during the study period were at 4.07 at risk of developing HAI than their counter parts at AOR 4.071, 95%CI (1.939,8.549)and those who had history of catheterizations during the study were at 3.13 at risk of developing HAI at AOR 3.13 ,95%CI (1.493,6.544). Conclusion: This study revealed high burden of hospital acquired infection. Antibiotics use and catheterizations are highly associated with hospital acquired infection. Hence, any effort to control the observed high burden of hospital acquired infection at the hospital should consider associated factors. Key words: Hospital acquired infection, Prevalence, St. Paul’s, Addis abeba, Ethiopia.