GLYCEMIC CONTROL STATUS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA, 2023.

Abstract

Abstract Background: Glycemic control is the foundation of diabetes management. Keeping glycemic level at an optimal state is important in preventing and slowing down acute, micro, and macro-vascular complications, as well as reducing treatment costs, and improving quality of life and life expectancy. However, the magnitude of poor glycemic control remains high around the globe and in Ethiopia. Even though, previous studies tried to assess the magnitude of glycemic control and its factors, other important factors like, availability of drugs and insurance coverage, have not been assessed well. Objective: To assess magnitude glycemic control and its associated factors among adults with Type 2 diabetes in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023. Method: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa from June 5 to July 10, 2023. A total of 524 study participants were selected by stratified sampling technique. The quantitative component of the study utilized ODK version 2023.2.2 for electronic data collection, employing a pre-tested interviewer questionnaire. FGD was employed for the qualitative data. The collected data were exported to SPSS version 25 for processing and analysis. Logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with glycemic control status. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant in the multivariable analysis. Focus group discussions were held with 27 purposefully selected participants, and inductive thematic analysis was used to manually analyze the qualitative data. Results: From the study participant 294(58.4%) had uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Duration of diagnosis greater than 10years [(AOR = 1.71, 95 % CI (1.01, 2.91)], Good dietary compliance [(AOR = 0.183, 95 % CI (0.071, 0.471)], Poor medication adherence [(AOR = 8.87, 95 % CI (3.546,22.201)], Having comorbidity [(AOR=1.75, 95% CI (1.08, 2.82)] and Presence of complication [(AOR=3.50, 95% CI (2.106, 5.844)] were important factors associated with of poor glycemic control. In qualitative data analysis factors like dietary habit, blood glucose monitoring, treatment adherence, comorbidity, and Side effects of medication were the main factors that was associated with glycemic control Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients did not attain the recommended glycemic level. Duration of diagnosis, dietary adherence, drug adherence, comorbidity, and complication were the predictors of glycemic control. Keywords: Glycemic control, Type 2 Diabetes, Fasting blood glucose, Ethiopia.