PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONGENITAL MALFORMATION AMONG NEONATES IN ST. PAUL’S HOSPITAL MILLENNIUM MEDICAL COLLEGE ADDIS ABABA, 2023. ETHIOPIA:

Abstract

Abstract:- Introduction: Congenital anomaly is structural or functional abnormalities observed in children and ia a major causes of neonate’s hospital admissions and deaths. Congenial malformation in Ethiopia and other developing countries causes functional and structural deformities of new born and birth defect, it is neglected in Ethiopia and other developing countries. In addition to this information, evidence based articles on the burden, prevalence and the associated factors of congenital malformations are limited. (1) Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with congenital malformation among neonates in St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College Addis Ababa, 2022. Methodology, A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College Addis Ababa, 2022. All neonates who fulfill the selection criteria were included and the type of birth defect was identified. To identify factors associated with congenital anomalies, maternal medical history books were selected by simple random sampling. The data was collected using a semi-structured checklist. Result - Among the 384 medical chart reviewed, 9(2.3%) charts were found to have a case of congenital anomalies. the type of congenital anomalies were spinal bifida 3 ( 0.8%), cleft pallet only 1(0.3%) ,cleft lip only 1 ( 0.3%), cleft palet and cleft lip 2 ( 0.5%) and congenital anomalies of musculoskeletal(polydactyl) 1 (0.8%), and Congenital anomalies of genital organ (hypospadiasis) 2 ( 0.5%). only 0.3% of mothers had past history of birth to a baby with congenital anomalies Conclusion and recommendations- Congenital anomalies are common and accounts for 2.3 % in SPMMC and spinal bifida is the most prevalent type. Maternal use of folic acid during and before pregnancy had a protective effect against congenital anomalies. Large community-based studies in different geographical, environmental and socio-economic settings should be conducted in Ethiopia to determine the prevalence of congenital anomalies and their associated factors. Key words/phrase: Birth defects, prevalence, associated factors