THE EFFECT OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON COVID-19 OUTCOME AMONG HOSPITAL ADMITTED COVID 19- PATIENTS AT ALERT HOSPITAL, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Abstract In late 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) was discovered in Wuhan, China and with the virus's rapid global spread, clinicians are increasingly confronted with challenges regarding the potential impact of preexisting conditions such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cancer, asthma, HIV, tuberculosis, and diabetes mellitus (DM) on the course and outcome of COVID-19 The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of diabetes on the outcomes of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review study on COVID-19-diagnosed patients admitted to ALERT Hospital was conducted from June 2022 to August 31, 2022.This study included 133 confirmed COVID-19 patients over the age of 18, and charts were chosen using systematic random sampling. Data were collected retrospectively from the patient's chart. Finally, SPSS version 25.0 software was used to analyze the data. The bivariant and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the dependent and independent variables, and p-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result: A total of 133 participant chart were included in the study. The overall mortality rate was 22.6%, and the rate in the presence of diabetes was 34.9%. (p-value 0.021). At admission, diabetic patients had a higher proportion of fever, LC, and inability to walk (p-value 0.04) than non-DM patients. Diabetic patients had higher WBC, HA1C, RBS, CRP, TBL, and creatinine levels than non-DM COVID-19 patients (p-value 0.05). Mortality outcome for diabetes (OR 1.9 [95% CI (0.7-4.8]), hypertension (OR 2.4 [95% CI 0.9--6.0]), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and asthma (OR 5.6 [95% CI 0.9-33.4]). ICU admission for diabetes (OR 2.3 [95% CI (1.1-4.8)]. The mean HA1C in non-survivor COVID-19 patients was higher (p-value 0.021) than in survivors Conclusion: DM was not associated with mortality from COVID-19. Cardiovascular disease and un controlled hemoglobin A1C were the most common risk factor for mortality from COVID-19. DM increases ICU admission from COVID-19. Atypical clinical findings and co-existing comorbidities, such as CVD and DM should receive special attention by policymakers and medical professionals. key words: COVID-19; Diabetes mellites; Survival; Retrospectives; Comorbidities; Outcome