PREVALENCE OF CHOLESTEATOMA AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN ST. PAULS HOSPITAL MILLENNIUM MEDICAL COLLEGE, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA 2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media, also known as chronic otitis media is a recurrent infection of the middle ear and/or mastoid air cells in the presence of a tympanic membrane (TM) perforation. The annual incidence of acquired cholesteatoma ranges from approximately 9 to 12.6 cases per 100,000 adults and from 3 to 15 cases per 100,000 children. In Ethiopian context, despite the fact that there is scarcity of data regarding the exact magnitude and impact of cholesteatoma and its complications, which are often neglected conditions due to insufficient funds, work force, facilities, and knowledge. Objective: To assess prevalence of Cholesteatoma and its associated factors among chronic suppurative otitis media patients in St. Pauls Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023. Method: A Ccross sectional facility based study; design was used in sSaint Paul’s Hospital mMillennium mMedical cCollege and conducted among 329 Chronic supperative otitis media patients using convenient sampling. Data was collected using a structured checklist. Median with interquartile range was computed. In addition Bbivariate analysis was used to identify significant variables and then variables with p<0.25 were included into multiple logistic regressions to determine the association between independent and dependent variables. P< 0.05 was used to declare significant association. Results: The prevalence of choleasteatoma patients among patients with chronic otitis media patient was 10.6%. The likelihood of developing cholesteatoma among patients with COM patients with longer duration of ear discharge (>=30 years) was 17.8 times [AOR 17.8 (CI 1.511, 208.7) more likely to develop cholesteatoma compared with their counterpart. In addition the log of developing cholesteatoma was 4% times [AOR 0.004(CI 0.001, 0.018)] less likely to on those who had central perforation than those who had atticoantral perforation. Conclusion and recommendations: This study found that cholesteatoma was prevalent in 10.6% of chronic otitis media patients and was associated with longer duration of ear discharge and marginal perforation of the tympanic membrane. Recommendations include regular follow-up and monitoring, health education for patients, and early evaluation by ENT specialists