Prevalence of pregestational diabetes and its pregnancy outcome among mothers attending antenatal care at three teaching hospitals in Addis Ababa: Prospective follow up Study

Abstract

Abstract Background:-Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes affects 3-5% of pregnancies. It is unquestioned that pregestational—or overt—diabetes has a significant impact on pregnancy outcome. The embryo, the fetus, and the mother commonly experience serious complications directly attributable to diabetes. Objective:- To assess the prevalence of pregestational diabetes mellitus and its pregnancy outcome in relation to the glycemic control at three teaching hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 1 January 2016 – 30 December 2016. Methods:- Prospective cohort study conducted at three teaching government hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 1 January 2016 – 30 December 2016. Results:- There were a total of 19,797 deliveries among these 80 were women with pregestational diabetes mellitus making prevalence of 0.4%. Out of the study population 39(48.8%) were women with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 41(51.2%) women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Iatrogenic preterm delivery is high for fetal and maternal indications as 67% of labor is induced. There is statically significant relation between adverse pregnancy outcome and having preconceptional care with p-value=0.033 Conclusion:- There should be management guideline for follow up of patients with pregestational diabetes to have optimal pregnancy outcome. Encourage reproductive age diabetic women to have planned pregnancy and preonceptional care. Prospective cohort study should be conducted to see associations with other determinants like glycemic control. Key Words:- Pregestational diabetes mellitus; Pregnancy outcome, Preconceptional care