Prevalence and Factors Associated with Renal Impairment Among Adult HIV Infected Patients who Have Follow Up in St. Paul’s and St. Peter Specialized Hospital ART Clinics, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Background: It is almost four decades since Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV) has become global issue of public health importance; a lot has changed about the disease since then. The occurrence of renal impairment in HIV infected individuals shown to be associated with both increased morbidity and mortality of the infected individuals. Due to which, finding the common causes of renal impairment in HIV infected individuals has paramount importance. Objective: To assess the prevalence of renal impairment and its associated factors among adult HIV infected patients in St. Paul’s and St. Peter Specialized Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2023. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2023 in ART clinics in St. Paul’s and St. Peter Specialized Hospitals. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected from patients’ medical chart review using check lists by nurses and physicians. Data was entered to Epi Info 7 for database construction and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Different statistical analyses was done to describe variables. Bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regression used to assess associations between dependent and independent variable using 95% CI and AOR P<0.05. Result: A total of 262 patient records were included with the response rate of 100% and two-third 173(66%) were females. The mean age was 39.75 ±11 years and ranged from 18-70 years. The prevalence of renal impairment was 13.4% (95%CI, 9.9, and 17.6). Female gender (AOR: 3.91%, 95% CI. 1.41, 10.82), poor adherence (AOR: 13.14, 95% CI 3.36, 51.42), CD4 <200 cells/m3 (AOR: 5.81, 95% CI, 2.20, 15.28), baseline viral load ≥1000copies/ml,), were factors significantly associated with renal impairment. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of renal impairment among PLWHIV on ART is high. Female gender, poor adherence, baseline CD4 <200 cells/m3 and baseline viral load ≥1000copies/ml are significantly associated with renal impairment. Key words: Renal impairment, HIV positive, ART, St. Paul’s, St. Peter, Hospital, Addis Ababa