HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASES ATTENDING SELECTED TERTIARY HOSPITALS, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA, 2023

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: The incidence of non-communicable diseases such as ischemic heart diseases is increasing globally. In developing countries such as Ethiopia, the impact of the disease is substantial. Although it is well recognized as a chronic disease with a serious morbidity burden, its impact on the health-related quality of life among affected Ethiopians is not well explored yet. Objective: To assess health-related quality of life and associated factors among patients with ischemic heart disease seeking care at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted. Simple random sampling was employed to recruit patients with ischemic heart disease at each study site. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered Amharic version of the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument. The collected data were entered into Epi-info version 7.2.2.2, and then exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 for further processing and analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the baseline characteristics. Bivariable and stepwise multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to determine factors associated with poor health-related quality of life. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were calculated, and a p-value <0.05 was considered to declare significance. Texts, tables and figures were used to present results. Results: A total of 404 patients were successfully included in this study, making a response rate of 95.5%. The mean global quality of life raw score of the patients was 79.7 ± 16.8, with more than half (51.5%; n=207) scoring below the mean. Multiple regression analysis showed that age ≤45 years [AOR=4.99(95%CI:1.85,12.80)], no educational [AOR=3.62 (95%CI:1.36,9.68)], primary educational level [AOR=4.36(95%CI:1.75,10.86)], monthly household income <1500 Ethiopian Birr [AOR=5.77 (95%CI:2.11,15.80)], lack of exercise [AOR=4.65 (95%CI:2.34,9.23)], disease duration <5 years [AOR=5.56 (95%CI:1.79,17.94)], disease duration of 5–10 years [AOR=9.25 (95%CI:2.70,31.71)], poor social support [AOR=16.42(95%CI:6.27,42.99)], moderate social support [AOR=4.38 (95%CI:1.69,11.36), borderline anxiety level [AOR= 4.76 (95%CI:2.04,11.10)], and abnormal anxiety level [AOR= 16.86(95%CI:7.00,40.64)] contributed to lower health related quality of life. Conclusion: More than half of patients with ischemic heart disease has poor health related quality of life, which was contributed by younger age, lower educational status, low income, lack of regular physical exercise, shorter disease duration, lack of social support, depression, and anxiety independently. Keywords: Ischemic heart disease, Health-related quality of life, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College