Prevalence of Chronic Bronchitis and Associated Factors among People Living around “Koshe” Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Area in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Abstract Background: Chronic bronchitis is a long term inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Smoking and persistent exposure to other lung irritants are considered among the major risk factors. Despite the fact that many researches on respiratory disease merely suggest an outdoor pollution as a remote cause, its association to solid waste disposal site deserves an extensive exploration. Objective: The general objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of chronic bronchitis and associated factors among residents around Koshe municipal solid waste disposal area in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Community based, cross-sectional study design was carried out among systematically selected 197 individuals who are living within the 1st kilometers of ‘Koshe’/ Reppi solid waste disposal site which is located in south western part of Addis Ababa city. Pretested structured questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data entry and analysis was done by Epi-info version 7 and SPSS version 26 respectively. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to control for confounders and identify factors associated with the outcome of interest. Odds ratio alongside 95%confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to measure the strength of the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of statistical significance was declared at p-value ≤ 0.05. Result: The prevalence of chronic bronchitis was found to be 12.18% (95% CI: 11.87%-12.52%). Occupational exposure to smoke/dust, active cigarette smoking, history of Tuberculosis and Pneumonia are the factors significantly associated with chronic bronchitis. Conclusion: There’s a high prevalence of chronic bronchitis among people who live around solid waste disposal areas. Smoking, occupational smoke exposure, pneumonia and tuberculosis showed a significant impact in the development of chronic bronchitis. Recommendation: An urban plan rearrangement is highly recommended so that the responsible government agencies may consider organizing relocation of the afflicted residents. Additionally, awareness creation on the preventive mechanisms and initiation of early medical check-up and follow up has to be established by health bureaus and by broadcasting Medias. Lastly, further researches are highly recommended to be performed by other researchers. Key words: Chronic bronchitis, solid waste disposal, Addis Ababa