Pattern and Outcome of abdominal trauma among patients presented to Addis Abeba Emergency and Trauma hospital

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Abdominal trauma continues to be a major cause of trauma admission all over the world and contributes significantly to high morbidity and mortality. Abdominal injury can be intentional or unintentional (accidental). The mechanism of injury can also be blunt or penetrating. In low and middle income countries like Ethiopia Abdominal trauma contributes significant morbidity and mortality. Hence this study will assess the common mechanism of injury, treatment options with their outcomes. Objective: To assess the pattern and management outcome of patients presented with abdominal injury in AaBET hospital. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study design will be used for this study. The total sample size will be 220 patients. The data will be collected by developing and using a questionnaire that helps to achieve the objective of the study. The collected data will be coded and entered to EPI info software and will export to window based statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Descriptive and inferential statistics will be applied. Binary logistics regression will be used to analysis the factors associated with the outcome. The odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and P-values <0.05 will be used to declare to be statistically significant. Result: A total of two hundred (200) charts of patients admitted to emergency department were included in this study. The majority of patients (66%) were in the age group 25–54 years, followed by 15–24 years (16%).The most common mechanism of injury was road traffic accident (RTA), accounted for 46% of cases, A slightly higher proportion of patients were managed conservatively (55%).Postoperative or in-hospital complications occurred in 27% of patients. Conclusion and recommendation: This study demonstrated that abdominal trauma predominantly affects young males and is most commonly caused by RTA, resulting in a higher proportion of blunt injuries. Ensure rapid assessment and timely intervention of life-threatening abdominal injuries is the recommendation. Key Word: Abdominal Trauma, Injury Pattern, Cross-sectional study, Clinical Outcome