ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF BLOOD CULTURE POSITIVE SEPSIS AGE ≥ 1 MONTH ≤ 14 YEARS ADMITTED TO ST. PAUL’S HOSPITAL MILLENNIUM MEDICAL COLLEGE PEDIATRIC UNIT OVER THRRE YEARS PERIOD, ADDIS ABABA ETHIOPIA FROMJANUARY 2016 TO DECEMBER 2018 A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Abstract Background: Blood stream infections remain one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in pediatric age group. Due to inappropriate use of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance is increasing and treatment of blood stream infections becomes more difficult by time. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the bacterial profile of bloodstream infections and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern at SPHMMC pediatric unit Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methodology: retrospective study of 310 patients blood culture result from Clinical Microbiology laboratory unit of SPHMMC Addis Ababa was reviewed from January, 2016 to December, 2018 . Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 25.0 statistical software and results were expressed using frequency and percentages, Tables and graphs were used to summarize the results. Ethical clearance was acquired from faculty ethical committee of SPHMMC. Result: Out of the total 310 suspected sepsis72 (23.2%) culture positive were isolated. Out in 310 patents 175(56.5%) were male and 135(43.5%) were female. All pediatric patients with suspected sepsis and admitted during the study period age distribution 188(60.6%) ≥1 month to 1 years,59( 18.7%) > 1 year to 5years and 63(20.6%)were 5 year to 14 years whose blood culture done were included to this study Klebsiella Pneumonia 24(33.3%) followed by Staphylococcus19( 26.4%, ),Coagulase-negative staphylococci 14(19.4%,) Most of the isolates show a high level of resistance to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Penicillin , Ampicillin, Gentamycin , and Ceftriaxone which we used empirically in our set up , Conclusions: In this study the overall prevalence of blood stream infection was high 72(23.2%). This study provides some insight into the local trends and bacterial etiology of bloodstream infections among pediatric. Gram Positive bacteria are the major contributors of BSI in our patients. A higher rate of antimicrobial resistance among gram negative and gram positive organisms is an alarming issue. Exact contributing factors for the bloodstream infections (BSI) within these groups need to be further elucidated. Rational use of antibiotics, formulation of antibiotic policy, and prompt therapy of bloodstream infections for the effective management and prevention of drug resistance are urgently needed in our setting. Keywords: Prevalence, Blood culture, Bacterial isolates Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, SPHMMC