Clinical Features, Outcomes And Associted Factors Of Pediatrics Patients With Guillain Barre Syndrome Admitted At Saint Paul Hospital Millenum Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2025gc

Abstract

Abstract Background – GBS is a descriptive clinical entity, presenting as a monophasic, nonfebrile, postinfectious illness characterized by acute or subacute progression lasting up to 28 days, a variable plateau phase, and then recovery over weeks to months or in some cases over a more prolonged period. There are limited data on clinical presentation and outcomes of GBS pediatrics patient in Ethiopia and specifically no single data in Saint Paul Hospital. Therefore this study was aimed to describe common clinical features, outcomes and try to analyze the associated factors. Objectives – To asses clinical features, outcomes and associated factors of pediatrics patients with Gillian Barre syndrome admitted at Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College. Methodology – A retrospective chart review of children who were admitted with a diagnosis of GBS to SPHMMC from 2016 to 2024 GC was done. All children who fulfilled the Brighton Criteria for GBS was reviewed, and data on demographic, clinical characteristics, investigation findings, treatment, and outcome were collected. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine factors associated with outcomes at discharge and 6 month. Results-: The mean age of the study subjects was 7.08±4.026 years and 51.3% were male. Antecedent event was present in 80% of the cases, and the most common triggering factor was upper respiratory tract infection (37.7%). Interval between antecedent event and clinical presentation was less than 2 weeks in 52.6% o patients .The mean Hughes disability score was 5.09±0.734 and 4.48±0.79 at admission and discharge from hospital, respectively. 34.7% patients had time to nadir in < 24 hr.Ascending limb paralysis occur in 93.4% of patients and arreflexia/hyporeflexia occur in 89.5% of patients.Cranial nerve involvement was present in 15..8% of patients and CN 9 ,10 or both were the most common CN palsies. Dysautonomia was observed in 61.8% of the participants. Albuminocytologic dissociation was found in 35.5 % patients in whom CSF analysis was done and AMAN was the most common GBS subtype in those with NCT.48.7% of patients required PICU admission and 35.5% were intubated.Among the intubated patients 77.8% of patients had prolonged intubation and tracheostomy was done for 70.4% of patients.IVIG was given for 35.3% of patients.50 % o patients dischraged in the same V condition and 84.7% of patient had complete recovery at 6 month.VAP was found in 21.7% of patients and other HAI was found in 37% of patients.11 patients had bed sore and among these 5 had grade 1 bed sore.No contracture or DVT was observed in this study.The mean LOH was 22.08 ±26.693 days.No statistically significant factor was identified to asses the associated factors for outcome at discharge or at 6 month. Keywords – Guillian barre syndrome, pediatrics, clinical feature, associated factors,outcome,retrospective,SPHMMC