INCIDENCE OF HOSPITAL ACQUIRED INFECTION AMONG PEDIATRIC PATIENTS ADMITTED TO ST PAUL’S HOSPITAL MILLENNIUM MEDICAL COLLEGE: PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW UP STUDY

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Hospital-acquired infections are usually acquired after hospitalization and manifest 48 hours of admission.HAI are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and unnecessary cost.Accurate diagnostics are critical for safe patient care and have additional impacts in our environment of value based payment, public reporting, and quality metrics, treatment overuse. Objective: To assess Incidence of hospital acquired infection among pediatric patients admitted to SPHMMC Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023. Methodology: Institution based prospective follow up (cohort) study was conducted on admitted paediatric patients at ward and picu in SPHMMC from Aug 1- January 30, 2024. All patients aged 18 and lower who are admitted to the SPHMMC hospitals and fulfil inclusion criteria will be included in the study. Data was entered in to kobotoolbox and export to SPSS version 25.0 and was checked for missing values. Data was cleaned. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages was done to describe and displayed in tables, graphs and charts. Mean was calculated. Binary logistic regression was done to see the adjusted significant relation of each independent variable with dependent variables. Significant factors was identified based on To assess incidence, and associated factors and hospital acquired infections among paediatric patients admitted to SPHMMC Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023. multi variety logistics regression in 95% confidence level at P-value less than 0.05. Results: From a total of 735 patients ,539 pediatric patients had participated in this study after exclusion criteria was applied . Of these participants, 436(80.9%) were from the pediatric ward and the remaining were from PICU. 309(57.3 %) of patients were male in gender. Near half, 256(47.5%) of patients’ age were between 1 and 5 years.The mean age per month was 18 months. During the study period, a total 106(19.7%) of patients were developed HAI . Among admitted to pediatric ward 17.7% of patients were developed HAI and 28.1 % of patients were developed HAI from total numbers of patients admitted to PICU. Among those patients, 8(7.5%) developed HAI at least two times. The mean time of diagnosis of HAI was 11.82 days. Sepsis of unknown focus(46.2%) and chest(41.5%) were the most frequently reported focus of HAI.Microorganisms were reported among 29(27.4%) participants with HAI .SAM, the presence underlying diseases, previous antibiotics use, and patient on mechanical ventilation had a statistical significant association with the development of hospital-acquired infection. On the other hand Anemia , patient on steroid , patient on NG tube and HIV positive had association with HAI but it was not statistically significant Conclusion: SAM, the presence underlying diseases, previous antibiotics use, and patient on mechanical ventilation had a statistical significant association with the development of hospital-acquired infection Key words: Hospital acquired , Incidence, Factors