ASSESSMENT OF OUTCOMES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS TRANSFUSION IN THE PEDIATRICS DEPARTMENT (0-14years) AT SPHMMC

Abstract

Summary Introduction: The World Health Organization has designated blood components as essential medicines because blood transfusions can save lives and patients around the world. When the blood transfusion is correctly done, it is expected to raise the hemoglobin concentration and achieve hemodynamic stability. Objectives: To determine immediate outcomes of blood and blood component transfusion and associated factors in the pediatrics department (0-14 years) at SPHMMC. Methods: patient outcomes and associated factors were assessed with Hospital based cross-sectional study at SPHMMC Data collection was done by using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire’ based on WHO transfusion guidelines from patient files and blood bank logbooks. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. The associations between patient improvement and independent variables were examined using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant and Odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval determine the strength of the association. Result: A total of 262 episodes of blood and blood components were transfused to 194 patients. The most widely used blood component transfused was PRBC 107(40.8%) followed by PLT and whole blood 63 (24.0%) and 47 (17.9%) respectively. There was an increase in post-transfusion Hgb with a mean Hgb increase of 2.75 g/dl. The result showed 142(73.2%) of participants had clinical improvement whereas 52(26.8%) did not improve clinically. Of those who did not improve clinically, most of them were whole blood transfused participants. From a total of 25 participants who received whole blood-only transfusion, 16 (64 %) did not show clinical improvement. Those transfused with PRBC only were 4 times more likely to improve than those transfused with whole blood only (AOR=4.948,95%CI=2.086-11.736). Conclusion: Overall clinical improvement in this study is 73.2%. Of those who did not improve clinically, most of them were whole blood transfused participants. PRBC transfusions were found to have more likely clinical improvement than those transfused with whole blood. Keywords: Blood components, blood transfusion, Transfusion outcome, SPHMMC