The Incidence of surgical site infection in St.paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical Colleges from May 19 - August 19, 2022.

Abstract

Abstract Back ground : Surgical site infections (SSIs) are infections that develop within 30days after an operation or surveillance of surgical wound infection implementation within 1year after surgery when an implant is placed. As many as 5% of patients undergoing surgery develop surgical site infections (SSIs), which may lead to revision surgery, delayed wound healing, increased use of antibiotics, and increased length of hospital stay, all of which have a significant impact on patients and the cost of health care. Objective : The objective of this study is to assess The incidence of surgical site infection in St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.from May 19- Augest 19,2022. Methods : A prospective cross sectional descriptive study design has been used to evaluate The incidence of surgical site infection from May 19- Augest 19,2022 in St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC). The study subjects has been all patients operated in the study period. The data has been collected based on face to face interview using structured questionnaires and physical examination (observation). Statistical software, Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23 has been used to analyze the data. Result: The incidence of SSI among patients who underwent surgery in SPHMMC from May 19- August 19, 2022 according to this prospective study was 9.2 %. This study shows that 31.5% of patients with SSI had comorbid illnesses and 25.9 % has history of substance use and these numbers are considered higher than normal population. Among patients who developed SSI, most or 54.7 % had post-operative hospital stay of more than 3 days. On the other hand, this study identified that most patients who developed SSI had clean-contaminated wound class (n=99, 43.4 %). Conclusion: The overall incidence of SSIs was 9.2% which was lower compared with report from some developing countries and higher compared to reports from developed countries. This study demonstrates comprehensively that prolonged operative time,associated comorbidity and prolonged hospital stay can increase the likelihood of developing SSI across a broad array of surgical procedures and surgical specialties. Keywords: Surgical site infection , Surgical wound infections , Antibiotic prophylaxis , Infection control , Postoperative complication , associated factors.