Treatment outcome of acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma and associated factors Among Patients Visiting Saint Paul‘s Hospital Millennium Medical College Adult Emergency Department; one year cross sectional study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Acute asthma attack is one of the most common reasons for emergency department visits, hospitalization, and death rate. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that results from a complex interaction between genetic, immunological and environmental factors. Globally, asthma has currently affected an estimated 339 million people and the number may increase to 400million people by the year 2025In spite of this, relapse rates in patients treated and discharged from the remain as high as . Objective: To assess treatment outcome of acute asthma and identify associated factors among Acute Asthma patients attending Emergency department at SPHMMC Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from October 1, 2022 to October 1, 2023 Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study design was used. A systematic random sampling was held and he total sample size was 259 acute asthma patients attending Emergency department. The data was collected on open data kit and exported to Statistical Package version 26. Both Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the factors that are associated with thinness and stunting. P values below 0.05 at the 95% Confidence interval were considered indicative of a statistically significant association. Result: Of the total 259 client, 142(54.8%) were male, and 117(45.2%) were Female. The mean age of the participants was 45.38 year. The prevalence of good treatment outcome at emergency was 73%. The finding of this study showed that patient those demanded antibiotic were 6.6 times more odd of having poor outcome than their counterpart. The other finding of the study was those patients with triage category of yellow had 7.6 times more odds of having good outcome than those with triage category of red Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of good treatment outcome among asthmatic patient was 73%. Factors associated with poor outcome were triage category of red and those who demand antibiotics. More research is needed to better understand the association of antibiotic use and poor outcome. It needs further study to identify antibiotic use and patient outcome in acute asthma exacerbations. Key words: Treatment outcome, Acute Asthma, Emergency department, Saint Paul hospital, Ethiopia.