Magnitude and Associated Factors of Intraventricular Hemorrhage among Preterm Neonates Admitted in St. Paul’s Hospital Millenium Medical Collage, Adisabeba, Ethiopia 2024

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Intraventricular hemorrhage denotes the presence of blood within the cerebral ventricular system. It is caused by a rupture of the ependymal lining into the lateral ventricles caused by germinal matrix hemorrhage. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common and serious neurologic consequence of preterm birth, affecting 20% to 40% of all infants born weighing less than 1500 gm globally. Objective: The aims of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of Intraventricular hemorrhage among preterm neonates admitted in St. Paul’s Hospital Millenium Medical Collage, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2024. Methods: An institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 1/2020 to December 30/2022 with the study period of April 1 to April 30/2024. Simple random sampling technique was used. Data was entered, cleaned and coded and then analyzed using SPSS version 27 software. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models was used to the association between dependent and independent variables the adequacy of the model to predict the outcome variables was checked by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit and P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant in the multivariable logistic regression model. Result: A total of 481 participate 150 (31.2%) developed intraventricular hemorrhage majority of them were grade II intraventricular hemorrhage 57 (11.9%), followed by grade I 55(11.4%), grade III 31 (6.4%), and grade IV 7 (1.5%). Factors associated with increased odds of IVH were Hypothermia (AOR=2.04(1.28-3.25)) Preclamsia (AOR=1.97(1.22 3.18)) Gestational age (AOR=.78 (.70-.87)), Maternal age (AOR=1.08(1.02-1.13)) and Duration of labor (AOR=1.07(1.02-1.11)) was statistically significant with Intraventricular hemorrhage at a p-value of <0.05 with 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: The magnitude of IVH was found to be high in preterm neonates. The magnitude was greater in newborns that were born in infants who had very low birth weight, showing having a smaller birth weight increased the risk of IVH. Majority of the neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage presented with grades II of the condition. Lower gestational age and maternal age was strongly associated with intraventricular hemorrhage. Key word : neonates, preterm, intraventricular hemorrhage