PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CAREGIVERS OF CHRONICALLY ILL PATIENTS AT TERTIARY HOSPITAL, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Abstract Background Caregiving for chronically ill patients imposes significant psychological and physical demands, often leading to mental health challenges such as depression. In Ethiopia, while studies exist for oncology and psychiatric contexts, there is a critical gap in understanding the mental health impact on caregivers supporting patients with other chronic illnesses like diabetes, renal failure, or cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among caregivers of chronically ill patients at tertiary hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2 to December 31, 2025. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit 401 informal caregivers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and the validated Amharic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with a cutoff score of ≥10 indicating depression. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with depression. Results The prevalence of depression among caregivers was found to be 43.1%. Multivariable analysis revealed that caregivers spending more than 9 hours daily on caregiving duties had higher odds of depression (AOR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.42–4.94). Conclusion Depression is highly prevalent among caregivers at St Paul’s hospital. High daily caregiving hours are the sole factors associated with depressive symptoms. Integrating routine mental health screening and psychosocial support into chronic care services is essential to improve the well being of caregivers and the quality of care they provide. Keywords: Depression, Caregivers, Chronic illness, PHQ-9, Ethiopia, St. Paul’s Hosptial