Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dysrhythmia among Adult Cardiac Patients Admitted To Cardiac Ward at Selected Cardiac Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024

Abstract

Abstract Background: Dysrhythmia is an abnormal or irregular heartbeat that comprise an important epidemiological and public health problem globally.It causes significant morbidity and mortality world wide. The prevalence and associated factors of dyrrhythmia in Ethiopian population were limited. Therefore the aim of this study is to asses the prevalence and factors associated of dysrrythmia among adult cardiac patients. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional retrospective chart review study design was employed from April 1 to May 1, 2024. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the records of 372 patients and required cardiac centers. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 27 software. A bivariable logistic regression model was used, and the adequacy of the model to predict the outcome variables was checked by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit, and a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In this study of 372 patients, dysrhythmia prevalence was 44.6%. It was strongly associated with cardiomyopathy (OR = 4), valvular heart disease (OR = 2.783), electrolyte imbalance (3.84), low Ca²⁺ (OR = 2.315), and medication use (OR = 0.065). High rates of heart failure (46.0%), stroke (47.3%), and MI (46.8%) were also observed in dysrhythmia patients. Conclusion and recommendation: Nearly half (44.6%) of the study participants experienced dysrhythmias. Significant associations were found between dysrhythmias and valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, electrolyte imbalances (specifically hypocalcemia), and the use of antiarrhythmic drugs.Thus the Ministry of Health and other health servise organizations should adress these issues. Key words: Adult, Cardiac Disease, Dysrhythmia, Patients, Rhythm