PREVALENCE AND MANAGEMENT OUTCOME OF UROLITHIASIS AMONG UROLOGY PATIENTS ADMITTED TO SURGICAL WARD AT ST. PAUL’S HOSPITAL, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA: CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Abstract Background: - Urolithiasis is a multi-factorial disorder resulting from the combined influence of epidemiological, biochemical and genetic risk factors. It occurs in both men and women but the risk is generally high in men and is becoming more common in young women. Its complications include bleeding, infection and hydronephrosis. It could result in renal failure which is life threatening condition. This research project will help to know burden of the disease in the hospital. Options of management patients are receiving and complications will be reviewed. Objective:-The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, management and management outcome of patients with urolithiasis admitted to surgical ward at SPHMMC in the years 2006 to 2008E.c. Method: - The study was hospital based retrospective study in which the in-patients files stored in the SPHMMC archive were reviewed. The study includes describing data collected in terms of their level of measurement and summarizing them in form of tables, graphs and numerical with different nominal and ordinal scales. Data obtained from the questionnaire was entered, cleaned and prepared for tabulation using SPSS version 20. Frequencies and other descriptive statistics were done. Chi-square test was conducted to examine association between dependent and independent variables and their 95% CIs were calculated. Result: - The prevalence of urolithiasis in the study period is 6.8%. The disease is common among males with male to female ratio of 1.56:1. Renal stone are common types of stones found in the study. 89% of cases were treated with open surgery. 22% of the cases had post op complication where stone migration and prolonged urine leak are relatively common complications observed. No association was found between management and its outcome in the study conducted. Conclusion: - Urolithiasis is common case of admission among urology patients. The treatment given in the study period was not up to the standard. Recently open surgery is less frequently done due to availability of newer minimally invasive techniques. This shows standard of treatment is increasing. Key words: - Urolithiasis, anatomic sites, minimally invasive techniques of management, complications