TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF TUBECULOSIS PATIENTS AT FELEGE MELESSE AND RAS EMERU HEALTH CENTERS, ADDIS ABEBA, ETHIOPIA FROM 2007-2009 E.C

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: TB is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect other sites (extra pulmonary TB). It is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause from a single infectious agent, ranking above HIV/AIDS. TB is the global threats that really need a special attention on the prevention and treatment. As part of the globe, Ethiopia is one of the high TB burdened country in the world. Therefore, the objective of this study will encompass in reveling the treatment outcomes and its determinant factors of TB patients in two nearby health centers. Objective: To assess the treatment outcomes of tuberculosis and its associated factors among tuberculosis patients on anti-tuberculosis therapy in Felege Melesse and Ras Emeru Health centers, Addis Abeba in the past 3 years. Methods and materials: The source population for this study are patients who was treated for TB at Felege Melese and Ras Emeru Health centers from 2015-2017 E.C. An institution based retrospective Cross-sectional Analytic study design and all patients’ information that fulfilled the inclusion criteria was retrieved from records of patients with basic information for all registered patients. 363 subjects were selected for the study. To collect data, a check-list was used to extract data’s from the medical records. After data is collected, it was entered into a computer and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. Multivariable logistic regression with 95% CI at P ≤ 0.05 was used to assess the TB treatment Outcome & its associated factors. Finally; result was presented in text and graphs and communicated to all concerned bodies. Result: From the total of 363 patients who had known treatment outcome in Felege Melesse and Ras Emeru Health centers, Tuberculosis type was categorized as smear positive PTB in 99 (27.3%), smear negative PTB in 110 (30.3%), and extra pulmonary in 154 (42.4%) cases. Record of the 363 TB patients showed that 88 (24.2%) were cured, 237 (65.3%) completed treatment, 6 (1.7%) defaulted treatment, 7 (1.9%) treatment failure and 25 (6.9%) were died. The overall treatment success rate of TB patients was 89.5%. Age>=45 years (AOR=0.296, 95%CI=0.103-0.856, p=0.025); Smear positive PTB (AOR=2.895, 95%CI=1.174-7.137, P=0.021); category II treatment regimen (AOR=0.355, 95% CI= 0.142-0.892, P=0.028) and 2015 year of treatment (AOR=3.098, 95%CI= 1.284-7.476, P=0.012) were significantly associated with unsuccessful treatment outcome. Conclusion: The mean treatment success rate of all registered pulmonary TB patients on this study was 89.5% and it was not significantly affected by gender, HIV status, TB category, body weight and treatment center. However, Age, Tuberculosis Type, treatment Regimen and year of treatment were significantly associated with treatment success.