Knowledge, attitude, practices and associated factors towards VAP prevention bundles among nurses working in adult ICU of specialized teaching hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Multicenter cross-sectional study.

Abstract

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a prevalent nosocomial infections among patients on mechanical ventilation/intubation with rate ranging from 7%-10% in intensive care units that characterized by “a new or progressive pulmonary infiltrate, fever, leukocytosis and purulent trachea-bronchial secretions . VAP is not present at the time of hospitalization, rather occurs 48 hours after the patient put on mechanical ventilation/intubation. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices and their influencing factors among adult ICU nurses in specialized teaching hospitals in Addis Ababa. METHODS A study design was multicenter cross sectional survey design that used structured close and open ended questions. the convenient sampling was employed in the selection of participant nurses. All adult ICU nurses who were available during the data collection period and willing to participate was included in this study. The sample size was 120 with a response rate of 99.1%. The study was conducted from April 01- December 30, 2023 with the prepared questionnaires.. Epi-info version 7.0 and SPSS-25 were used for data clearing and statistical analysis. The level of KAP was calculated from the participants’ scores of the questions and associations were done by using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the participants, 62.5% had good level of knowledge, and 64.0% had good level of practice while 82.5% had positive attitude. And there were significant positive association found between practices of ICU nurses and educational level, the length of work experience and history of previous training CONCLUSION: The majority of the participants had good level of knowledge, good level of practice and good perceptions towards VAP prevention bundles KEYWORDS: VAP, VAP prevention bundle, specialized teaching hospitals ICU, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia