Magnitude of Postoperative Lung Decortication Complications and Associated Factors at Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Decortication is a surgical procedure, which involves a peeling off of a restrictive fibrous layer that overlies and entraps the lung. There is no research conducted on the postoperative complication and associated factors of lung decortication in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Objectives: To assess the magnitude of postoperative lung decortication complications and the associated factors at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 254 post-operative lung decortication patients who were admitted to surgical units of public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from May to June 2024. Data was collected through a chart review of lung decortication patients from March 2021 to February 2024 with a systematic random sampling method. Data was entered and analyzed with Epi-data 4.6.0.6 and SPSS version 27 software respectively. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the characteristics of the post-decortication patients. Crude odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio, with 95% CI and p-value were used to assess the strength of association and statistical significance. Then the variables with a p-value of < 0.05 with multivariable logistic regression were considered to show significant association. Finally, the data is presented with narratives, tables, and figures. Result: About 254 post-operative lung decortication patient records from the surgical unit were reviewed and analyzed in this study with a response rate of 100%. The overall post-operative lung decortication complication in this study is 48 %( 95% CI: 43.1-53.9). American society of anesthesiologists status of III [AOR; 95% CI: 6.95(2.55-18.91)], smoking history [AOR; 95% CI: 3.43(1.04-11.28)], preoperative infection [AOR; 95%CI: 2.01(1.08-3.74)], reoperation [AOR; 95% CI: 6.6(2.39-18.17)], and being operated with thoracotomy or Sternotomy [AOR; 95% CI: 4.88(1.34-17.74)] were the factors significantly associated with post decortication complication. Conclusion and recommendation: Post-operative decortication complication in this study is high. Surgical site infections should be prevented with proper and timely chest tube and wound iv care and The Ethiopian ministry of health in collaboration with hospitals in Addis Ababa better to promote Video-assisted Thoracoscopic surgery procedure. Keywords: Associated factors, Decortication, Ethiopia, postoperative complication.