Outcome and Factors Associated with Cesarean Section Delivery in Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Cesarean section is one of life saving procedures medical intervention attributed to the decrease of the maternal mortality and morbidity rates. The safety of the operation has improved with time largely due to improved surgical and anesthetic techniques as well as the availability of blood transfusion services. According to Demographic and Health Survey in 2016 the percent of births by caesarean section at national level was 2%.cesearan section are higher among first birth (4.3%) and more educated people are more likely to undergo cesarean section . Objective: To assess outcome and associated factors of cesarean section in SPHMMC, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods: Hospital based retrospective descriptive study was done in St. Paul’s millennium medical college from Meskeram 2008 to Nehassie, 2008 E.C. A total of 285 mothers were included in this study which was selected based on systemic sampling technique .Data was collected by using a structured data-collecting checklist prepared for this purpose developed from different literature review. The data was entered and analyzed with SPSS version 22. Different descriptive variables was analyzed and presented with tables and graphs. Bivariate analysis was done to identify the significant factors associated with outcome of Cesarean Section. A P –value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: Medical records of 285 mothers were reviewed covering for of the 97.2% planned sample size. The age of study subjects ranges from of which 18-38 with the mean 24±5.1 years. The commonest indication for cesarean delivery was non reassuring fetal heart rate pattern in 129(45.3%). Anesthesia used for the operation was spinal anesthesia for 275(96.5%) of the mother. Birth weight analysis showed that 68.1% have normal birth weight The neonatal fifth or last minute Apgar score shows that 228(80%) have APGAR of 7 or more . On bivariate analysis maternal age, gestational age at the time of the operation and type of surgery has statistically significant association with birth weight (P<0.05). Conclusion and recommendation: the study shows that the commonest reason for the delivery via cesarean is non-reassuring fetal heart rate pattern. The hospital and other researchers are recommended to have research this topic. Key words: cesarean section, Apgar score, outcome, SPHMMC