PREVALENCE AND FACTORS AFFECTING ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT AMONG TRAUMATIZED PATIENTS IN AaBET HOSPITAL, 2018 G.C.

Abstract

Abstract Background: Globally, about 1.25 million people die annually from road traffic accident (RTA). Moreover, about 20 to 50 million people sustain nonfatal injuries as a result of road traffic crashes. Evidence from global safety report 2015 shows that, the trend of road traffic injury in developed countries is decreasing while accident trend in developing countries including Ethiopia is notably increasing. This trend will go further owing to increased motor vehicle ownership and use associated with rapid economic growth with no accompanying improvement of safety in developing countries necessitating the strict implementation of road safety interventions. As the major national trauma center AaBET Hospital faces the problem of trauma patient burden. Objective: To determine the proportion of Road Traffic accidents and factors associated with it among trauma victims visiting AaBET Hospital in Addis Ababa in 2018G.C. Methods and Materials: The study was conducted at AaBET, SPHMMC, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from February 30 to March 30, 2018 G.C. Hospital based cross sectional study design was implemented to select 240 trauma victims using systematic random sampling method. A pre tested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from the trauma victims. The collected data was cleaned and entered into Epi info version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS Ver.20 for further analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with 95% CI at P ≤ 0.05 was used to determine factors associated with Road traffic accident occurrence. Finally the result is presented in text, table and graphs and will be communicated and presented to all concerned bodies through the different outlets available. Results: A total of 240 trauma victims were included in the study. Of all interviewed trauma victims, 167 (69.6%) were male and 73(30.4%) were female. Road traffic accident accounted for 122(50.8%) of the trauma victims. The mean age of the victims was 32.98. The highest numbers of victims (59.2%) were aged between 18-29 years followed by age 30-39 years (21.8%). The victim’s sex (male sex with AOR=4.5 (CI: 1.92, 10.64)), age between 18 and 29 with AOR = 5.8 (1.92 , 17.51), low monthly income with AOR= 5.4(CI:1.82, 16.14) and rainy weather with AOR =14.76CI:(1.78,22.78) were significantly associated with road traffic accident. ix | P a ge Conclusion and Recommendations: The magnitude of trauma caused by road traffic accident was the highest cause of trauma and those involved victims were predominantly males and people aged 20-49 years. The majority of them are from urban areas. Of all road traffic accidents, city-minibuses were the primary causes of injury. Pedestrians and Passengers were the most commonly affected victims. The victim’s sex, age group between 18 to 29, monthly income and weather condition were significantly associated with road traffic accident. We recommend that the transport authorities give due attention for those city minibus drivers as most of the trauma were due to these cars. Key words: global, road traffic crashes, vehicle, developed, magnitude, cross-sectional, multivariable logistic regression